Cylinder head and combustion chamber construction



April 1944' E. GINN ET AL CYLINDER HEAD AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERCONSTRUCTION Filed April 9, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet l a 7.. W mmnfl r mdw N56m Ma Q I mafi 2 a my Mg n v.

April 18, 1944. E. GlNN ET AL CYLINDER HEAD AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERCONSTRUCTION Filed April 9, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 a fill April18, 1944.E. GINN ETAL 2,347,097

CYLINDER HEAD AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER CONSTRUCTION Filed April 9, 1942 4Sheets-Sheet 5 voea 35 x H I Y 12M 1 I J? 14 F .5 J

1. INVENTORS L$77 CaSjg/man i liar? 6117a B mafia/CZ C m befl bers arecarried in the and are arranged to so constructed as to Patented Apr.18, 1944 I CYLINDER new AND coivmus'rio'u CHAMBER CONSTRUCTION EarlGinn,

v selman, Muskegon,

Spring Lake, Motors Corporation, ration of Virginia North Muskegon.Harold Leslie Cas- Dana A. Campbell,

Micln, asaignors to Continental Muskegon,

Micln, a corpo- Application April 9, 1942, Serial No. 438,244 2 Claims.(Cl. 123-491) Our invention relates to an improved cylinder headconstruction and more especially to a cylinder headstructure constructedfor cooperative assembly with over-head valve internal combustionengine.

In this type of engine the combustion chamcylinder head structureover-lie the engine cylinders. In the present day high output engines itis necessary to employ large intake and exhaust valves and to provide aslarge a port area as is possible. It is difficult in engines of thecharacter aforesaid to assemble extremely large valves as the enginestructure is a limiting factor controlling ,the size of valves which maybe used. The combustion chambers used with the engine aforesaid areusually circular or elliptical pockets formed in the head and the valvesopen inwardly, of the combustion chamber and substantially axiallyinwardly of the engine cylinder. Consequently when using valves ofmaximum head diameter it will be observed that the peripheral edge ofthe valve usually is somewhat close to the side walls of the combustionchamber thereby restricting the flow of gases past the valve head atthis zone of minimum clearance between the valve head and' combustionchamber side wall.

An object of our present invention is to improve engine performance. byproviding a combustion chamber construction which facilitates a moreuniform flow of heads, and which eliminates to a. large degree therestrictions to gas flow in that part of the combustion chamber lyingintermediate the valve head and the combustion chamber side wall.

Another object of our present invention is to construct an improvedcylinder head structure which embodies a recessed portion for housing aplurality of sets of rocker arms, and which is drain oil accumulationsfrom said rocker arm housing.

Other objects of our present invention pertain to various structuraldetails described and claimed in particular detail hereafter.

For a more detailed understanding of our invention, reference may be hadto the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of ourinvention, wherein like figures refer to like parts throughout theseveral views.

and in which:

Fig. 1 is a bottom our invention, Fig. 2 is stop plan view of'the c'linder head structure,

plan view of the cylinder head structure embodying Figs. 3, 4 and aredetail transverse sectional views through the cylinder head structuretaken the cylinder block of an gases past the valve 'trated by theseseveral vided with .intake substantially on the lines 3--3, 4-4 and 5-5respectively in Fig. 1,

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view oi the combustion chambershowing the valve partially open,

Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the valve wide open, and

Fig. 8 is a detail plan view of a combustion chamber showing the sparkplug location.

The cylinder head structure herein illusfigures provides improved engineperformance, and said head structure is preferably formed of a casting Awhich may be bolted in the usual manner to an engine cylinder block B bymeans. of suitable bolts. The preferred construction embodies astructure overlying a plurality of cylinders ill (see Figs.

bers ll cooperatively associated with each of the engine cylinders.

and exhaust passages l2 and 13 respectively terminating in intake andexhaust ports l4 and I5, as more particularly shown in Figs. 6 and '7.The said ports have valve seats l6 fitted therein, the one illustratedbeing the intake valve seat. An intake valve I1 is operable tocontrolthis intake port l4 and it will be seen that same opens inwardly of thecombustion 'chamber and substantially axially inwardly of the cylinderin. As .the valve moves off its seat the port area is increased at arate allowing more and more gas to flow into the combustion chamber. Theside walls 20 and 2t chamber are constructed somewhat spherical incontour thus providing immediately for a maximum clearance between therecessed valve heads 22 and the adjacent combustion chamber wall, saidclearance being increased as the valve opens, to provide more space orarea through which the gases may flow without being restricted. The areaof this space between the valve peripheral edge and the side wall of thecombustion chamber is increased as the valve opens, at a rateipreferablyat least approximately as much as the rate of increase in the port area.Thus, it; will be noted that this construction increases turbulence andfacilitates the uniform distribution of themcoming gases in thecombustion chamber there by improving combustion and engine performance.

The upper portion of the cylinder structure is recessed as at 30, andthe rocker arms are assem- The cylinder head is pro-. I

into the crankcase of the engine.

The cylinder head structure provides a lateral inwardly recessed pocket40 (see Fig. 5), which of bolts 43 and to the spark plug 46.

It will be observed that the cylinder head structure herein illustratedfacilitates economical engine manufacture and furthermore luncimprovedengine perform- Although we have illustrated We claim: 1. A cylinderhead construction for an overhead valve intemai open positions of thevalve.

2. A cylinder head construction for an overhead valve internalcombustion engine, comprisoi the valve whereby to induce a substantiallygas past the peripheral edge of said valve.

EARL GINN.

HAROLD LESLIE CASSELMAN.

DANA A. CAMPBEIL.

